猫叔GMAT来给各人分享一些逻辑题型中的小规律。
起首，要给各人分享的题型规律就是当问及如下问题时：
1）一个方案能否可行？ 或一个办法、工具等能否有用？
2）A与B比力，哪个更好？
3）A的行为或者做某事能否因为…?
若是选项中，提及到其他的工具，都属于无关选项，接下来，我们用几个OG2022里的例题来给各人做详细讲解
例题1：Only a reduction of 10 percent in the number of scheduled flights using Greentowns airport will allow the delays that are so common there to be avoided. Hevelia airstrip, 40 miles away, would, if upgraded and expanded, be an attractive alternative for fully 20 percent of the passengers using Greentown airport. Nevertheless, experts reject the claim that turning Hevelia into a full‐service airport would end the chronic delays at Greentown.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to justify the experts position?
留意：那个标题问题的问题是要撑持专家的立场：专家认为--把Hevelia那个机场完全运营不会完毕Greentown机场的耽搁；
连系我们上面提及的情况，就是：“通过让Hevelia airstrip 完全运营，来处理Greentown机场耽搁”的那个方案不成行
A. Turning Hevelia into a full‐service airport would require not only substantial construction at the airport itself, but also the construction of new access highways.
B. A second largely undeveloped airstrip close to Greentown airport would be a more attractive alternative than Hevelia for many passengers who now use Greentown.
C. Hevelia airstrip lies in a relatively undeveloped area but would, if it became a fullservice airport, be a magnet for commercial and residential development.
D. If an airplane has to wait to land, the extra jet fuel required adds significantly to the airlines costs.
E. Several airlines use Greentown as a regional hub, so that most flights landing at Greentown have many passengers who then take different flights to reach their final destinations.
我们看B选项：关于如今利用Greentown机场的乘客来说，别的一个大的，未开发的临近Greentown机场的小机场（airstrip）比Hevelia机场愈加有吸引力。
那个选项就属于提及”其他“无关的选项， 因而题干中的方案仅仅是在让我们撑持”用Hevelia那个机场的方案…不成行“，与其他的接纳其他的机场能否可行无关。
例题2：Capuchin monkeys in Venezuela often rub a certain type of millipede into their fur. Secretions of these millipedes have been shown to contain two chemicals that are potent mosquito repellents, and mosquitoes carry parasites that debilitate the capuchins. The rubbing behavior is rare except during the rainy season, when mosquito populations are at their peak. Therefore, the monkeys probably rub the millipedes into their fur because doing so helps protect them against mosquitoes.
Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluate the argument?
在那个标题问题中，问题要求判断：“山公抓千足虫到毛里，是为了驱逐蚊子。”那个说法能否为准确的。
留意：那里的重点为---“山公”抓“千足虫”---不是其他的动物，也不是抓其他的虫子
(A) Whether the two chemicals provide any protection for the millipedes against their own predators
(B) Whether the type of millipede used by the capuchin monkeys in Venezuela is found in other parts of the world
(C) Whether animals other than capuchins rub insects of any kind into their fur
(D) Whether the only time the millipedes are readily available to the capuchins is during the rainy season
(E) Whether secretions of any other insects accessible to the capuchins contain chemicals that repel mosquitoes
那个标题问题的C选项：除了Capuchins那个山公之外的其他动物能否也抓虫豸到毛里---无关，因为其他动物做什么工作和标题问题问的山公的行为没有关系；
同理，E选项：其他虫豸的排泄物能否也能驱逐蚊子---同样，也是无关，因为标题问题只是问那个山公抓千足虫的行为，与其他虫豸无关。
所以那个标题问题的中的两个选项就属于我们上面提及的第三种情况类型。
例题3：In parts of South America, vitamin-A deficiency is a serious health problem, especially among children. In one region, agriculturists hope to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004 that is rich in betacarotene, which the body converts into vitamin A. The plan has good chances of success, since sweet potato is a staple of the regions diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?
Plan：encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004---鼓舞农人种植新品种的红薯（SPK004），因为新品种富含betacarotene--最末会被转化为vitamin A.
问题：加强方案会胜利--也就是“种植SPK004”那个计划能够处理那个处所的人缺乏Vitamin A的问题
A. There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.
B. The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in color and texture, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.
C. For successful cultivation of SPK004, a soil significantly richer in nitrogen is needed than is needed for the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region.
D. There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.
E. The currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato contain no important nutrients that SPK004 lacks.
那个标题问题中的D选项：没有其他品种的红薯比SPK004含有的beta-carotene更多---无关，留意：标题问题只是问种植SPK004能否能处理那个问题，其他品种能否处理或者能否比SPK004更好，都与本题无关
下面的几个标题问题看起来不如上面几个例题明显，但是我们也能够用那个办法排除一些无关选项
1. Historian: Fifteenth-century advances in mapmaking contributed to the rise of modern nation-states. In medieval Europe (from the fifth to the fifteenth century), sovereignty centered in cities and towns and radiated outward, with boundaries often ambiguously defined. The conceptual shift toward the modern state began in the late fifteenth century, when mapmakers learned to reflect geography accurately by basing maps on latitudelongitude grids. By the mid-seventeenth century, nearly all maps showed boundary lines.
Which of the following would, if true, most strengthen the historians reasoning?
留意：题干中汗青学家重点强调是“fifteenth-century advances in mapmaking.."招致了现代国度的呈现
问题要求加强那个概念---也就是加强是”15世纪地图的造做前进“招致了..
A. Borders did not become codified in Europe until certain treaties were signed in the early nineteenth century.
Early nineteenth century..很明显不是15世纪，与标题问题无关；
B. During the medieval period, various authorities in Europe claimed power over collections of cities and towns, not contiguous territories.
the medieval period..同样也与15世纪无关
C. Many members of the political elite collected maps as a hobby during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries.
during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries…与15世纪也是无关的
D. Seventeenth-century treatises and other sources of political authority describe areas of sovereignty rather than illustrate them using maps.
Seventeenth-century treatises and other sources…17世纪的…与15世纪无关
E. During the fifteenth century in Europe, mapmakers simplified the borders of sovereignty by drawing clear lines of demarcation between political powers.
2. Researchers hope to find clues about the Amk peoples who lived in the Kaumpta region about one thousand years ago but who left few obvious traces. The researchers plan to hire the few remaining shamans of the modern-day indigenous people in Kaumpta, who are believed to be descended from the Amk, to lead them to ancestral sites that may be the remains of Amk buildings or ceremonial spaces. The shamans were taught the location of such sites as part of their traditional training as youths, and their knowledge of traditional Kaumpta customs may help determine the nature of any sites the researchers find.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the success of the plan depends?
标题问题中讲：研究人员方案去"雇佣Shamans"率领他们"找到ancestral sites".
问题问：那个方案胜利依赖于哪个假设？ --留意：那个方案就是”雇佣Shamans“率领reseachers
A. The researchers have reliable evidence that the Amk of one thousand years ago built important ceremonial spaces.
B. The shamans have a reasonably accurate memory of Amk sites they learned about as youths.
C. Kaumpta shamans are generally held in high esteem for their traditional knowledge.
D. Modern technologies available to the researchers are likely to be able to find some Amk sites easily.
那个D选项中，现代科技可以让reseachers找到一些Amk sites..与雇佣Shamans无关
E. Most or all Amk sites are likely to be found within the Kaumpta region.
剩下几个标题问题留给各人做文操练题：
3. Highway Official: When resurfacing our concrete bridges, we should use electrically conductive concrete (ECC) rather than standard concrete. In the winter, ECC can be heated by passing an electric current through it, thereby preventing ice buildup. The cost of the electricity needed is substantially lower than the cost of the deicing salt we currently use.
Taxpayer: But ECC is vastly more expensive than standard concrete, so your proposal is probably not justifiable on economic grounds.
Which of the following, if true, could best be used by the highway official to support the official’s proposal in the face of the taxpayer’s objection?
A. The use of deicing salt causes corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks and damage to the concrete itself, thereby considerably shortening the useful life of concrete bridges.
B. Severe icing conditions can cause power outages and slow down the work of emergency crews trying to get power restored.
C. In weather conditions conducive to icing, ice generally forms on the concrete surfaces of bridges well before it forms on parts of the roadway that go over solid ground.
D. Aside from its potential use for deicing bridges, ECC might also be an effective means of keeping other concrete structures such as parking garages and airport runways ice free.
E. If ECC were to be used for a bridge surface, the electric current would be turned on only at times at which ice was likely to form.
4.The Maxilux car company’s design for its new luxury model, the Max 100, included a special design for the tires that was intended to complement the model’s image. The winning bid for supplying these tires was submitted by Rubco. Analysts concluded that the bid would only just cover Rubco’s costs on the tires, but Rubco executives claim that winning the bid will actually make a profit for the company.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly justifies the claim made by Rubco’s executives?
A. In any Maxilux model, the spare tire is exactly the same make and model as the tires that are mounted on the wheels.
B. Rubco holds exclusive contracts to supply Maxilux with the tires for a number of other models made by Maxilux.
C. The production facilities for the Max 100 and those for the tires to be supplied by Rubco are located very near each other.
D. When people who have purchased a carefully designed luxury automobile need to replace a worn part of it, they almost invariably replace it with a part of exactly the same make and type.
E. When Maxilux awarded the tire contract to Rubco, the only criterion on which Rubco’s bid was clearly ahead of its competitors’ bids was price.
5.Many agriculturally intensive areas of the world are beginning to encounter water scarcity problems. As a result, many farmers in these areas are likely to reduce their output as the water supply they need in order to maintain production shrinks. However, one group of farmers in such a region plans to increase their production by implementing techniques for water conservation.
Which of the following, if true, would most strongly support the prediction that the group’s plan will succeed?
A. Farmers that can gain a larger share of the food market in their regions will be better positioned to control more water resources.
B. Most agricultural practices in areas with water shortages are water‐intensive.
C. Other regions of the world not facing water shortages are likely to make up for the reduction in agricultural output.
D. Demand for agricultural products in the group’s region is not expected to decline.
E. More than half the water used for agriculture in the farmers’ region is lost to evaporation or leakage from irrigation channels.
6. In the last few years, plant scientists have been able to genetically engineer seeds to produce crops highly resistant to insect damage. Farmers growing crops with these seeds will be able to spend significantly less on pesticides. This cost reduction would more than make up for the higher cost of the genetically engineered seeds. Clearly, therefore, farmers who grow crops from genetically engineered seeds will be able to reduce their costs by using them.
Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument?
A. Plant scientists have not yet developed insect-resistant strains of every crop that is currently grown commercially.
B. The cost of several commonly used pesticides is expected to rise in the next few years.
C. Crops grown from the genetically engineered seeds require significantly more fertilizer and water to grow well than do crops grown from nonengineered seeds.
D. In the future, the cost of genetically engineered seeds is likely to fall to the level of nonengineered seeds.
E. The crops that now require the greatest expenditure on pesticides are not the ones for which genetically engineered seeds will become available.
猫叔GMAT始于2013年，供给1V1保分课程700、650、600。
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不管是刚接触GMAT的新人仍是几次杀G不成的G友。1V1辅导绝对是更高效的选择。
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