吉娃娃的各种特征
Chihuahua Breed Standard
General Appearance
A graceful, alert, swift-moving little dog with saucy expression, compact, and with terrier-like qualities of temperament.
Size, Proportion, Substance
Weight - A well balanced little dog not to exceed 6 pounds. Proportion - The body is off-square; hence, slightly longer when measured from point of shoulder to point of buttocks, than height at the withers. Somewhat shorter bodies are preferred in males. Disqualification - Any dog over 6 pounds in weight.
Head
A well rounded “apple dome“ skull, with or without molera. Expression - Saucy. Eyes - Full, but not protruding, balanced, set well apart-luminous dark or luminous ruby. (Light eyes in blond or white-colored dogs permissible.) Ears - Large, erect type ears, held more upright when alert, but flaring to the sides at a 45 degree angle when in repose, giving breadth between the ears. Muzzle - Moderately short, slightly pointed. Cheeks and jaws lean. Nose - Self-colored in blond types, or black. In moles, blues, and chocolates, they are self-colored. In blond types, pink nose permissible. Bite - Level or scissors. Overshot or undershot bite, or any distortion of the bite or jaw, should be penalized as a serious fault. Disqualifications - Broken down or cropped ears.
Neck, Topline, Body
Neck - Slightly arched, gracefully sloping into lean shoulders. Topline - Level. Body - Ribs rounded and well sprung (but not too much “barrel-shaped“). Tail - Moderately long, carried sickle either up or out, or in a loop over the back, with tip just touching the back. (Never tucked between legs.) Disqualifications - Cropped tail, bobtail.
Forequarters
Shoulders - Lean, sloping into a slightly broadening support above straight forelegs that set well under, giving a free play at the elbows. Shoulders should be well up, giving balance and soundness, sloping into a level back. (Never down or low.) This gives a chestiness, and strength of forequarters, yet not of the “Bulldog“ chest. Feet - A small, dainty foot with toes well split up but not spread, pads cushioned. (Neither the hare nor the cat foot.) Pasterns - Fine.
Hindquarters
Muscular, with hocks well apart, neither out nor in, well let down, firm and sturdy. The feet are as in front.
Coat
In the Smooth Coats, the coat should be of soft texture, close and glossy. (Heavier coats with undercoats permissible.) Coat placed well over body with ruff on neck preferred, and more scanty on head and ears. Hair on tail preferred furry. In Long Coats, the coat should be of a soft texture, either flat or slightly curly, with undercoat preferred. Ears - Fringed. (Heavily fringed ears may be tipped slightly if due to the fringes and not to weak ear leather, never down.) Tail - Full and long (as a plume). Feathering on feet and legs, pants on hind legs and large ruff on the neck desired and preferred. Disqualification - In Long Coats, too thin coat that resembles bareness.
Color
Any color-Solid, marked or splashed.
Gait
The Chihuahua should move swiftly with a firm, sturdy action, with good reach in front equal to the drive from the rear. From the rear, the hocks remain parallel to each other, and the foot fall of the rear legs follows directly behind that of the forelegs. The legs, both front and rear, will tend to converge slightly toward a central line of gravity as speed increases. The side view shows good, strong drive in the rear and plenty of reach in the front, with head carried high. The topline should remain firm and the backline level as the dog moves.
Temperament
Alert, with terrier-like qualities.
Disqualifications
Any dog over 6 pounds in weight.
Broken down or cropped ears.
Cropped tail, bobtail.
In Long Coats, too thin coat that resembles bareness.
摘自:http://www.kucy.com/html/dog/Toy/2052.html
吉娃娃狗有什么特点性格
吉娃娃犬是世界上最小型的狗， 但这并不说它们最为娇弱；相反， 吉娃娃犬具有坚韧的意志， 聪明且极其忠诚， 它们随时可能扑向任意拨弄自己的人。 这种狗非常敏感， 成犬要经过几个星期才会表现出真正的性情。 它们会小心翼翼地观察新主人， 人们往往以为它们很腼腆；其实， 它们是在衡量谁是一家之主。 吉娃娃犬的习惯性颤抖也很容易得到人们的怜悯， 以为它受到虐待或惊吓了。 吉娃娃犬厌恶寒冷， 不宜在室外的狗舍中喂养。 冬天外出， 要为它准备外衣御寒。 如果说吉娃娃犬在生理上有什么致命的弱点， 就是它们头盖骨上的小洞。 如果击中， 就会有生命危险。
原产国及发展史：
吉娃娃犬因墨西哥的吉娃娃省而得名。 原由墨西哥托尔提克族人所饲养的犬发展而来。 当时作为主人的陪葬者。 人们相信， 它们是古印加帝国的圣犬， 也曾被一些美国印第安人作为佳肴。 由于它身躯小， 容貌逗人喜欢， 特别是妇女和儿童， 视为家庭宠物， 它是世界性玩赏犬中最有影响的品种之一。
特 征：圆头、大耳直立、小尾向一边翘起。 现以红色、棕色、褐色、奶油色、黑褐黄色为主。 此品种有短毛型和长毛型之分。 性格敏捷活泼， 聪明而胆怯。
体 型：吉娃娃没有肩高标准。
体 重：0.5-2.7公斤
运动量：吉娃娃只需要一些微量运动， 但它们却乐于陪主人走相当距离的路。
